IS DEPRESSION AFFECTING THE MAJORITY OF PUBLIC HEALTH?









Depression is one of the leading causes in the Public Health which is spreading worldwide in a rapid manner. Depression is often related with other chronic diseases and can worsen their associated health outcomes. On overall Health Status, studies have explored the effect of depression, alone or as a group. A study on adults was conducted by the World Health Survey (WHS) aged 18 years and older to obtain data for health, health-related outcomes, and their determinants. An algorithm, known as, Diagnostic Item Probability study was used to estimate the Prevalence values for four chronic physical diseases namely angina, arthritis, asthma, and diabetes. The Mean health scores were constructed using factor analysis where the data’s were compared across different disease states and demographic variables. Regression Modelling was used to determine the relation of the disease states and mean health scores. Participants from 60 countries, all around the world, were available for the study.
                           

 Overall, 1-year prevalence for ICD-10 depressive episode alone was 3·2% (9; for angina 4·5%; for arthritis 4·1%; for asthma 3·3%; and for diabetes 2·0%. An average of between 9% and 23% of participants with one or more chronic physical disease resulted in the comorbid depression. This result was significantly higher than the likelihood of having depression in the absence of a chronic physical disease. After adjustment for socioeconomic factors and health conditions, depression had the largest effect on worsening mean health scores compared with the other chronic conditions. Consistently across countries and different demographic characteristics, respondents with depression comorbid with one or more chronic diseases had the worst health scores of all the disease states. Depression produces the greatest decrement in health compared with the chronic diseases angina, arthritis, asthma, and diabetes. The comorbid state of depression incrementally worsens health compared with depression alone, with any of the chronic diseases alone, and with any combination of chronic diseases without depression. These results indicate the urgency of addressing depression as a public-health priority to reduce disease burden and disability, and to improve the overall health of populations.

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